Ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu - pehea e hana ai i kahi mauʻu nani a maikaʻi hoʻi

1. E koho i ke ʻano o ka mauʻu
ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mauʻu kūpono ka hana mua a koʻikoʻi loa i kahi lau nahele holomua. Inā ʻoe ma ka ʻākau, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i nā mauʻu kau anuanu (bluegrass, tall fescue, ryegrass, red fescue, bentgrass, etc.); inā ʻoe ma ka hema, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i nā mauʻu kau mahana (Cyperus dentata, mauʻu Bahia, Zoysia japonica a me Dianthus chinensis, etc.). ʻO nā ʻāina ʻo Jiangsu, Zhejiang a me Shanghai kahi a mākou e noho nei he mau wahi hoʻololi, a hiki ke kūkulu ʻia nā lau nahele kau anuanu a me ke kau mahana, akā he mau hemahema maopopo ko lāua ʻelua. He kumumanaʻo maʻamau wale nō kēia, ʻaʻole he lula paʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana hoʻoulu i kēia lā, he nui nā ʻano like ʻole i loaʻa nā ʻano maikaʻi loa. Nui nā kau anuanumauʻu lau nahelehe kūpaʻa maikaʻi ko lākou i ka maloʻo a me ka wela, no laila he mea maʻamau ka ʻike ʻana i kahi lau nahele e ulu nui ana, mānoanoa, a me nā kala ʻōniʻoniʻo i ke kau anuanu ma ka hema. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake i kahi lau nahele me hoʻokahi kala, a laila e hoʻohui i kahi clover strawberry, clover keʻokeʻo a i ʻole hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā palena pua hihiu, e hoʻonani hou aku kā lākou mau pua nani i kou lau nahele.

II. Hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka moena lau nahele ma mua o ke kūkulu ʻana
1. Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wahi E wehe i nā ʻiliʻili a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻili lepo (ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 cm) e loaʻa ai kahi moena lau nahele ākea, hanu, pālahalaha, a hoʻokahe maikaʻi ʻia i kūpono no ka ulu ʻana o ka mauʻu lau nahele. Inā he mau koena a me nā aʻa o lalo o ka honua o nā mea kanu lāʻau, pono e wehe ʻia. I mea e pale ai i ke koena o nā aʻa mai ka pala a me ka hana ʻana i nā lua.

2. Ka wehe ʻana i ka nāhelehele I mea e kūkulu ai i kahi lau nahele holomua, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pilikia o ka maʻi nāhelehele. A i ʻole, hiki i kēlā mau mauʻu makahiki a mau paha, nā sedges, a me nā legume a me nā convolvulaceae ke hoʻopuni i kahi lau nahele maikaʻi i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha makahiki. ʻO nā hana pale a me ka kaohi nui: ka wehe ʻana i ka nāhelehele mechanical (me ka ʻoki mau ʻana, ka wehe ʻana i ka nāhelehele lima, a me ka mahi ʻana ma mua o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka lau nahele) a me ka wehe ʻana i ka nāhelehele kemika herbicide a me ka fumigation lepo. ʻO nā herbicides lau nahele i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me nā herbicides koho (2,4-D butyl, 2-methyltetrachloride, dicamba) a me nā herbicides koho ʻole (glyphosate, paraquat). Hiki i ka fumigation lepo ke pepehi i nā meaʻai a me nā mea ʻino i ka lepo. ʻO nā mea fumigants i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me ka methyl bromide, chloropicrin, dazomethane, a pēlā aku, a pono e makaʻala i ka palekana i ka wā e hoʻohana ai iā lākou.

3. E hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai pH o ka lepo. Ma ke ʻano laulā, kūpono nā lepo me ka waiwai pH o 6-7 no ka hapa nui o nā mauʻu lawn. Pono e hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai pH (waiwai pH) o nā lepo ʻawaʻawa loa a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​lepo alkaline loa. ʻO nā hana hoʻoponopono penei: koho i nā ʻano mauʻu lawn kū i ka waikawa a i ʻole alkaline a hoʻohui i ka sulfate kēpau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka waiwai pH; e hoʻohui i ka lime a i ʻole superphosphate e hoʻonui i ka waiwai pH.

4. Hoʻomomona. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia kekahi nui o ka mea hoʻomomona organik i nā lepo ʻilihune e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka momona o ka lepo a hōʻoia i ka ulu maʻamau a me ka ulu ʻana o nā mauʻu lau nahele. He mau mea hoʻomomona organik maikaʻi ka compost, ka manure, a me ka peat. Wahi a nā kūlana o kou wahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala kanaka, ka manure ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka lepo lau, a me nā mea hoʻomomona organik ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻomomona hui N, P, K ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomomona kumu.

5. Mahiʻai a me ka hoʻopololei ʻana Nui ka nuikūkulu ʻana i ka lau naheleHoʻokele nui ʻia e nā mīkini nui. Hoʻokele lima ʻia nā lau nahele liʻiliʻi me nā ʻō, nā ʻūlū, a me nā ʻūlū kui. Wahi a nā koi o ka ʻāina, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi ʻano maoli. Pono e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ke kahua haʻuki ma waenakonu e hoʻomaʻalahi i ka hoʻokahe ʻana mai waenakonu a i nā wahi e pili ana.

6. Kūkulu i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoinu wai a me ka hoʻokahe wai. Hoʻomaʻalahi pinepine ʻia ke kau ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoinu wai a me ka hoʻokahe wai ma muli o nā kumu kumukūʻai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kahi lau nahele maikaʻi, ʻoiai kahi lau nahele kahua haʻuki, e like me ke kahua kolepa a me ka lau nahele kahua pôpeku, he papahana koʻikoʻi nui ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi lau nahele.